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"TRIBULATION AND WRATH" - BIBLICAL DEFINITIONS AND USAGE

Understanding the Biblical usage of these words in their original definition and context

To fully understand what the writers of the Old and New Testament meant when they wrote their original messages, often times we need to consider that what was written, was written in other eras and languages. Sometimes we have to dig deeper.

This is a quick study with the literal references included in this message to try to more fully understand, how these terms relate to the last days and the last 7 years of this age.

So what are the definitions involved?

(definitions in this article are with the help of Strong's, NAS Lexicon and HELPS)

"Tribulation" is a very serious word in the New Testament and not flippant or light. “Tribulation” comes from the Greek word “thlispis” which is derived from the word “thilibo” and means there is suffering involved resulting from pressure (pressing troubles, pressing together etc), oppression, affliction, tribulation, distress, straits.

"Thlipsis" from (thlibo); pressure (literal or figurative): - afflicted (-tion), anguish, burdened, persecution, tribulation, trouble from "thlibo" akin to the base of (tribos); to crowd (literal or figurative): - afflict, narrow, throng, suffer tribulation, trouble.

Simply put, thlipsis is a pressing, pressing together, pressure, oppression, affliction, tribulation, distress, straits.

"Wrath" is a bit more complex. The "first wrath” in this study comes from being used in the Old Testament in Daniel and the original word was "za'am." The meaning is fervent wrath, as in frothing at the mouth.

Next, the New Testament usage of "wrath" is from Greek and there are "three original words" that it is translated from for the Bible. All are translated as “wrath” but each show a bit more unique meaning rather than just “wrath in general.”

The first of these three to discuss, is “orge” originating from “orego” and is a more long term, built-up wrath. It is usually used as justifiable abhorrence with punishment by implication. Not a sudden outburst but fixed and controlled. "Orge" from "oregomai"; properly desire (as a reaching forth or excitement of the mind), i.e. (by analogy) violent passion (ire, or [justifiable] abhorrence); by implication punishment: - anger, indignation, vengeance, wrath. "Orge" comes from "orego" middle of apparently a prolonged form of an obsolete primary [compare (oros)]; to stretch oneself, i.e. reach out after (long for): - covet after, desire.

"Orgḗ" from "orgáō" - "to teem, swelling up to constitutionally oppose" – properly, settled anger (opposition), i.e. rising up from an ongoing (fixed) opposition.  "Orgḗ" as "settled anger" proceeds from an internal disposition which steadfastly opposes someone or something based on extended personal exposure, i.e. solidifying what the beholder considers wrong (unjust, evil). "Orgē" comes from the verb oragō meaning, 'to teem, to swell'; and thus implies that it is not a sudden outburst, but rather (referring to God's) fixed, controlled, passionate feeling against sin...a settled indignation.

Next, of the New Testament three types of wrath is “thymos or thumos” originating from “thyo” and it comes from shorter term wrath. It can be quicker, more passionate and when used by the Lord is holy wrath and the anger is directed against sin with intense opposition and without sin. "Thymos/thumos" from (thuo); passion (as if breathing hard): - fierceness, indignation, wrath. Compare (psuche). originated in “thyo” like in the sacrifice of idols, slaughter, sacrifice, slay. Thymós (from thyō, "rush along, getting heated up, breathing violently" cf. J. Thayer) – properly, passion-driven behavior, i.e. actions emerging out of strong impulses (intense emotion).

When thymós ("expressed passion") is used of people it indicates rage (personal venting of anger, worth). This flaw is completely absent of the Lord expressing (inspiring) intense anger. Accordingly, (thymós) is used of God's perfect, holy wrath in Revelation (Revelation 14:10, 14:19, 15:1, etc.). This anger is directed against sin with intense opposition and without sin.

Lastly of the three, is “parorgismos” derived from “parorgizo” which is meaning to rage or enrage, anger, provoke to wrath. "Parorgismo"s from (parorgizo); rage: - wrath. taken from "parorgizo" from (para) and (orgizo); to anger alongside, i.e. enrage: - anger, provoke to wrath.

The rest of this article lists the placement "tribulation" in the New Testament and "wrath" - one Old Testament verse in Daniel for wrath - za'am and the three New Testament verses for wrath: orge, thymos/thumos and parorgismos.

TRIBULATION VERSES, THLIPSIS (New Testament)  (Matthew 13:21, 24:21, 24:29 / Mark 13:24 / John 16:33 / Acts 14:22 / Romans 2:9, 5:3, 8:35, 12:12  / 2 Corinthians 1:4, 7:4 / 1 Thessalonians 3:4 / 2 Thessalonians 1:6 / Revelation 1:9, 2:9, 2:10, 2:22, 7:14)

• Matthew 13:21 "yet he has no root in himself, but endures only for a while. For when tribulation or persecution arises because of the word, immediately he stumbles."

 

• Matthew 24:9 "Then they will deliver you up to tribulation and kill you, and you will be hated by all nations for My name's sake."

 

• Matthew 24:20-21 "And pray that your flight may not be in winter or on the Sabbath. For then there will be great tribulation, such as has not been since the beginning of the world until this time, no, nor ever shall be."

 

• Matthew 24:29 "Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken."

 

• Mark 4:17 "and they have no root in themselves, and so endure only for a time. Afterward, when tribulation or persecution arises for the word's sake, immediately they stumble."

 

• Mark 13:18-19 "And pray that your flight may not be in winter. For in those days there will be tribulation, such as has not been since the beginning of the creation which God created until this time, nor ever shall be."

 

• Mark 13:24-25 "But in those days, after that tribulation, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light; the stars of heaven will fall, and the powers in the heavens will be shaken."

 

• John 16:33 "These things I have spoken to you, that in Me you may have peace. In the world you will have tribulation; but be of good cheer, I have overcome the world."

 

• Acts 14:22 strengthening the souls of the disciples, exhorting them to continue in the faith, and saying, "We must through many tribulations enter the kingdom of God.

 

• Acts 20:23 except that the Holy Spirit testifies in every city, saying that chains and tribulations await me.

 

• Romans 2:8-9 but to those who are self-seeking and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness--indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish, on every soul of man who does evil, of the Jew first and also of the Greek

 

• Romans 5:3 And not only that, but we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces perseverance

 

• Romans 8:35 Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?

 

• Romans 12:12-13 rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation, continuing steadfastly in prayer; distributing to the needs of the saints, given to hospitality.

 

• 2 Corinthians 1:4 who comforts us in all our tribulation, that we may be able to comfort those who are in any trouble, with the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted by God.

 

• 2 Corinthians 7:4 Great is my boldness of speech toward you, great is my boasting on your behalf. I am filled with comfort. I am exceedingly joyful in all our tribulation.

 

• Ephesians 3:13 Therefore I ask that you do not lose heart at my tribulations for you, which is your glory.

 

• 1 Thessalonians 3:4 For, in fact, we told you before when we were with you that we would suffer tribulation, just as it happened, and you know.

 

• 2 Thessalonians 1:4 so that we ourselves boast of you among the churches of God for your patience and faith in all your persecutions and tribulations that you endure

 

• 2 Thessalonians 1:6 since it is a righteous thing with God to repay with tribulation those who trouble you

 

• Hebrews 10:33 partly while you were made a spectacle both by reproaches and tribulations, and partly while you became companions of those who were so treated (KJV says afflictions in its place; same Greek word though as all here)

 

• Revelation 1:9 I, John, both your brother and companion in the tribulation and kingdom and patience of Jesus Christ, was on the island that is called Patmos for the word of God and for the testimony of Jesus Christ.

 

• Revelation 2:9-10 "I know your works, tribulation, and poverty (but you are rich); and I know the blasphemy of those who say they are Jews and are not, but are a synagogue of Satan. Do not fear any of those things which you are about to suffer. Indeed, the devil is about to throw some of you into prison, that you may be tested, and you will have tribulation ten days."

 

• Revelation 2:22 "Indeed I will cast her into a sickbed, and those who commit adultery with her into great tribulation, unless they repent of their deeds."

 

• Revelation 7:14 And I said to him, "Sir, you know." So he said to me, "These are the ones who come out of the great tribulation, and washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb."

WRATH VERSES, ZA'AM (Old Testament)

An Old Testament that is be relevant to this subject taken from the original word za'am which is like a “frothing at the mouth” wrath.

• Daniel 11:36 "Then the king shall do according to his own will: he shall exalt and magnify himself above every god, shall speak blasphemies against the God of gods, and shall prosper till the wrath has been accomplished; for what has been determined shall be done."

WRATH VERSES, ORGE, THYMOS/THUMOS, PAROGISMOS (New Testament)

ORGE (Matthew 3:7 / Luke 3:7, 21:23 / John 3:36 / Romans 1:18, 2:5, 2:8, 3:5, 4:15, 5:9, 9:22, 12:19, 13:4-5 / Ephesians 2:3, 5:6 / Colossians 3:6 / 1 Thessalonians 1:10, 2:16, 5:9 / 1 Timothy 2:8 / Hebrews 3:11, 4:3 / James 1:19-20 / Revelation 6:16-17, 11:18, 16:19, 19:15)

• Matthew 3:7 But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, "Brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?"

 

• Luke 3:7 Then he said to the multitudes that came out to be baptized by him, "Brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come?"

 

• Luke 21:23 "But woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing babies in those days! For there will be great distress in the land and wrath upon this people."

 

• John 3:36 "He who believes in the Son has everlasting life; and he who does not believe the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God abides on him."

 

• Romans 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who suppress the truth in unrighteousness

 

• Romans 2:5-9 But in accordance with your hardness and your impenitent heart you are treasuring up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God, who "will render to each one according to his deeds": eternal life to those who by patient continuance in doing good seek for glory, honor, and immortality; but to those who are self-seeking and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness--indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish, on every soul of man who does evil, of the Jew first and also of the Greek

 

• Romans 3:5 But if our unrighteousness demonstrates the righteousness of God, what shall we say? Is God unjust who inflicts wrath? (I speak as a man.)

 

• Romans 4:14-15 For if those who are of the law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise made of no effect, because the law brings about wrath; for where there is no law there is no transgression.

 

• Romans 5:9 Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from wrath through Him.

 

• Romans 9:22 What if God, wanting to show His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath prepared for destruction

 

• Romans 12:19 Beloved, do not avenge yourselves, but rather give place to wrath; for it is written, "Vengeance is Mine, I will repay," says the Lord.

 

• Romans 13:4-5 For he is God's minister to you for good. But if you do evil, be afraid; for he does not bear the sword in vain; for he is God's minister, an avenger to execute wrath on him who practices evil. Therefore you must be subject, not only because of wrath but also for conscience' sake.

 

• Ephesians 2:3 among whom also we all once conducted ourselves in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, just as the others.

 

• Ephesians 5:6 Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience.

 

• Colossians 3:6 Because of these things the wrath of God is coming upon the sons of disobedience,

 

• 1 Thessalonians 1:10 and to wait for His Son from heaven, whom He raised from the dead, even Jesus who delivers us from the wrath to come.

 

• 1 Thessalonians 2:16 forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles that they may be saved, so as always to fill up the measure of their sins; but wrath has come upon them to the uttermost.

 

• 1 Thessalonians 5:9-10 For God did not appoint us to wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ, who died for us, that whether we wake or sleep, we should live together with Him.

 

• 1 Timothy 2:8 I desire therefore that the men pray everywhere, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting

 

• Hebrews 3:11 "So I swore in My wrath, 'They shall not enter My rest'"

 

• Hebrews 4:3 "So I swore in My wrath, 'They shall not enter My rest'”

 

• James 1:19-20 So then, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath; for the wrath of man does not produce the righteousness of God.

 

• Revelation 6:16-17 and said to the mountains and rocks, "Fall on us and hide us from the face of Him who sits on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb! For the great day of His wrath has come, and who is able to stand?"

 

• Revelation 11:18 "The nations were angry, and Your wrath has come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that You should reward Your servants the prophets and the saints, and those who fear Your name, small and great, and should destroy those who destroy the earth."

 

• Revelation 16:19 Now the great city was divided into three parts, and the cities of the nations fell. And great Babylon was remembered before God, to give her the cup of the wine of the fierceness of His wrath.

 

• Revelation 19:15 Now out of His mouth goes a sharp sword, that with it He should strike the nations. And He Himself will rule them with a rod of iron. He Himself treads the winepress of the fierceness and wrath of Almighty God.

THYMOS, THUMOS (Luke 4:28 / Acts 19:28 / 2 Corinthians 12:20 / Galatians 5:20 / Ephesians 4:31 / Colossians 3:8 / Hebrews 11:27 /  Revelation 12:12, 14:8, 14:10, 14:19, 15:1, 15:7, 16:1, 18:3)

• Luke 4:28-29 So all those in the synagogue, when they heard these things, were filled with wrath, and rose up and thrust Him out of the city; and they led Him to the brow of the hill on which their city was built, that they might throw Him down over the cliff.

 

• Acts 19:28 Now when they heard this, they were full of wrath and cried out, saying, "Great is Diana of the Ephesians!

 

• 2 Corinthians 12:20 For I fear lest, when I come, I shall not find you such as I wish, and that I shall be found by you such as you do not wish; lest there be contentions, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, backbitings, whisperings, conceits, tumults

 

• Galatians 5:19-20 Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lewdness, idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, dissensions, heresies

 

• Ephesians 4:31 Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice.

 

• Colossians 3:8 But now you yourselves are to put off all these: anger, wrath, malice, blasphemy, filthy language out of your mouth.

 

• Hebrews 11:27 By faith he forsook Egypt, not fearing the wrath of the king; for he endured as seeing Him who is invisible.

 

• Revelation 12:12 "Therefore rejoice, O heavens, and you who dwell in them! Woe to the inhabitants of the earth and the sea! For the devil has come down to you, having great wrath, because he knows that he has a short time."

 

• Revelation 14:8-10 And another angel followed, saying, "Babylon is fallen, is fallen, that great city, because she has made all nations drink of the wine of the wrath of her fornication." Then a third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice, "If anyone worships the beast and his image, and receives his mark on his forehead or on his hand, he himself shall also drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out full strength into the cup of His indignation. He shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels and in the presence of the Lamb."

 

• Revelation 14:19 So the angel thrust his sickle into the earth and gathered the vine of the earth, and threw it into the great winepress of the wrath of God.

 

• Revelation 15:1 Then I saw another sign in heaven, great and marvelous: seven angels having the seven last plagues, for in them the wrath of God is complete.

 

• Revelation 15:7 Then one of the four living creatures gave to the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God who lives forever and ever.

 

• Revelation 16:1 Then I heard a loud voice from the temple saying to the seven angels, "Go and pour out the bowls of the wrath of God on the earth."

 

• Revelation 18:3 "For all the nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth have become rich through the abundance of her luxury."

PAROGISMOS (Ephesians 4:26, 6:4)

• Ephesians 4:26-27 "Be angry, and do not sin": do not let the sun go down on your wrath, nor give place to the devil.

•  Ephesians 6:4 And you, fathers, do not provoke your children to wrath, but bring them up in the training and admonition of the Lord.
  

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Copyright © 2016 E. Cockrell May be used for personal study or instruction but shall not be copied and/or distributed in whole or part without permission or for financial profit.


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Copyright © 2016 E. Cockrell May be used for personal study or instruction but shall not be copied and/or distributed in whole or part without permission or for financial profit.